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Maui Ransomware

Date (as written)
2022-07
Year
2021
Country
United States, 🇯🇵 Japan
Actors (as written)
Andariel
Actor pages
Andariel
Tags (as written)
FinancialGain Healthcare

Source entries (10)

lazarus.day

Maui Ransomware · 2022-07
North Korean state-sponsored actors, with later reporting linking a 2021 case to Andariel, used Maui ransomware in a manually operated encryption campaign affecting healthcare and other financially viable organizations in the United States and Japan. The malware encrypted selected servers and files through command-line execution, used AES/RSA/XOR routines with local key and log artifacts, and caused disruption to healthcare services including electronic health records, diagnostics, imaging, and intranet systems.
https://lazarus.day/incidents/maui/

EuRepoC

North Korean state-sponsored hackers use Maui ransomware against US Health Sector since May 2021 · 15.04.2021
North Korean state-sponsored hackers use Maui ransomware against targets from the US Health Sector since May 2021 for financial gains according to US Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency. Kaspersky revisited the incident and came to the conclusion that the incident began on 15.04.2021 and that Japan and India were also affected. An US indictment from July 2024 indicated that Andariel, a sub-group to Lazarus, is behind the incidents
Sources cited by EuRepoC (21)
https://twitter.com/StateCDP/status/1623746020180910080
https://cyberscoop.com/north-korea-ransomware-hospital/
https://therecord.media/north-korea-hackers-funding-us-south-korea-advisory/
https://twitter.com/Cyberknow20/status/1623789450663972864
https://twitter.com/cybersecboardrm/status/1623802230930300929
Show 16 more
https://securityaffairs.com/142090/breaking-news/north-korea-hackers-ransomware.html
https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/north-korean-ransomware-attacks-on-healthcare-fund-govt-operations/
https://twitter.com/CISAJen/status/1623834199152001024
https://www.malwarebytes.com/blog/news/2023/02/cisa-issues-alert-with-south-korean-government-about-dprks-ransomware-antics
https://twitter.com/Cyber_O51NT/status/1639428701137035264
https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/microsoft/microsoft-links-moonstone-sleet-north-korean-hackers-to-new-fakepenny-ransomware/
https://www.newscj.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=3163353
https://www.telemundo.com/noticias/noticias-telemundo/internacional/ciberataque-corea-del-norte-hospitales-eeuu-nasa-bases-militares-kansa-rcna163762
https://menafn.com/1108490723/West-releases-N-Korean-hacker-caution
https://new.qq.com/rain/a/20240728A05GDP00
https://www.telemundo.com/noticias/noticias-telemundo/internacional/ciberataque-corea-del-norte-hospitales-eeuu-nasa-bases-militares-kansa-rcna163762
https://www.govinfosecurity.com/fbi-warns-cyberthreats-to-legacy-medical-devices-a-20066
https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ncas/alerts/aa22-187a
https://securelist.com/andariel-deploys-dtrack-and-maui-ransomware/107063/
https://securelist.com/apt-trends-report-q3-2022/107787/
https://thehackernews.com/2022/12/2022-top-five-immediate-threats-in.html

CFR Cyber Operations Tracker

Targeting of various industries with Maui ransomware · Jul 2022
The Lazarus Group used Maui ransomware to target government and civil institutions in order to raise money for the North Korean government.
https://www.cfr.org/cyber-operations/targeting-of-various-industries-with-maui-ransomware
https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ncas/alerts/aa22-187a
https://securelist.com/andariel-deploys-dtrack-and-maui-ransomware/107063/

UN Panel of Experts S/2023/171

Maui Ransomware attacks · July
Annex 76: List of DPRK cyberthreat actors' malicious activities in 2022 monitored by the Panel. RGB Unit: Andariel; Case Name: Maui Ransomware attacks; VAS √; VAS Value: N/A; Publicized Month: July. (SPH Significant Phishing, KAC knowledge acquisition and espionage, VAS virtual asset seizures)
https://undocs.org/S/2023/171

Mendeley Data: Collection of DPRK state-sponsored threat actors' activities v2 (Lyu, Sungkyunkwan Univ.)

Maui Ransomware · 2022-07
Reported: 2022-07; Victims: Maui Ransomware; Motivations: FinancialGain; Sectors: Healthcare; Countries: United States, Japan
https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/wwb2rzgfn7/2

CISA/FBI joint advisories on DPRK

Maui ransomware against Healthcare and Public Health Sector · July 07, 2022 (activity since at least May 2021)
to provide information on Maui ransomware, which has been used by North Korean state-sponsored cyber actors since at least May 2021 to target Healthcare and Public Health (HPH) Sector organizations.
https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa22-187a

France ANSSI/CERT-FR Panorama de la cybermenace 2025 (CERTFR-2026-CTI-002)

Maui ransomware deployment by North Korea-linked operating modes · entre mai 2021 et juillet 2022
Si les modes opératoires liés à la Corée du Nord sont connus pour déployer régulièrement des rançongiciels comme Maui entre mai 2021 et juillet 2022
https://www.cert.ssi.gouv.fr/uploads/CERTFR-2026-CTI-002.pdf

US court filing via CourtListener RECAP: United States v. 17 Electronic Accounts located at Google LLC

Maui ransomware campaign against U.S. healthcare organizations (at least five U.S.-based healthcare entities) · Between the initial May 2021 attack and July 2022
Between the initial May 2021 attack and July 2022, the FBI responded to multiple Maui ransomware incidents at other U.S. organizations in the healthcare sector. ... Information obtained during this investigation indicates that Andariel has committed ransomware attacks against at least five U.S.-based healthcare entities and then used the proceeds to finance its espionage operations. [Case No. 6:26-cv-01047, U.S. District Court for the District of Kansas; filing: COMPLAINT with trial location of Wichita, filed by United States of America.]
https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.ksd.162556/gov.uscourts.ksd.162556.1.1.pdf

UN Panel of Experts S/2022/668

“Maui Ransomware” campaign against the health-care and public health sector · since May 2021
Footnote 110: “On 6 July 2022, the Government of the United States of America (Federal Bureau of Investigation, Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency and Treasury) warned through a joint cybersecurity advisory that a ransomware variant called “Maui Ransomware” was being used in a campaign run by Democratic People’s Republic of Korea cyberthreat actors since May 2021, primarily to target organizations in the health-care and public health sector.”
https://undocs.org/S/2022/668

Multilateral Sanctions Monitoring Team (MSMT) report, 22 Oct 2025

Maui ransomware against five U.S. hospitals and medical providers · 2021 and 2022
(MSMT/2025/2, report p. 11 (fn 6)) Footnote 6: “In 2021 and 2022, DPRK Cyber Actor Rim Jong Hyok and his co-conspirators, associated with the APT Andariel, deployed Maui ransomware to extort five U.S. hospitals and medical providers. The DPRK cyber actors used ransomware to deny healthcare workers access to computer systems, restricting their ability to access key tools for patient care, electronic patient records, and internal servers that forced healthcare providers to limit services and cancel appointments.”
https://github.com/tayvano/lazarus-bluenoroff-research/blob/main/pdfs/2025-10-22_MSMT-Report.pdf

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